General Specifications of Gasifiers
| Parameter |
Description |
| Reactor Type |
Open top down draft gasifier |
Standard system elements
( < 200 kWe or 800 kWth) |
Reactor, cooling and cleaning system
|
Standard system elements
( > 200 kWe or 800 kWth)
|
Reactor, cooling and cleaning system,Biomass conveying system,
Water treatment system, instrumentation and automation for safe operations. |
| Auxilliaries |
Biomass processor, Biomass drier |
| Specific Fuel Consumption |
1 kg/kWh + 15 to 20% diesel at nominal loads (for dual fuel operation)
1.2 kg/kWh (for 100 % gas operation)
3 to 3.5 kg/kg of conventional petroleum based fuels (for thermal operation) |
| Feed Stock |
Any solid bio-residue of bulk density over 250 kg/m3,
ash content less than 5% and moisture content < 15% |
| Gasification Efficiency |
80 – 83% |
Requirements of Various Power Level Gasifiers
| Capacity |
Biomass Consumption kg/hr |
Oil equivalent in thermal mode l/hr |
Biomass size mm * mm * mm |
Space requirement (for gasifier only) m * m |
Water requirement cum/hr |
| 20 kWe/80 kWth |
20 |
6 |
20 * 20 * 25 |
3 * 3 |
3 |
| 40 kWe/160 kWth |
40 |
12 |
30 * 30 * 40 |
5 * 4 |
5 |
| 80 kWe/320 kWth |
80 |
20 |
40 * 40 * 60 |
6 * 5 |
8 |
| 200 kWe/800 kWth |
200 |
60 |
60 * 60 * 70 |
8 * 8 |
20 |
| 500 kWe/ 2.0 MWth |
500 |
150 |
120 * 120 * 75 |
10 * 12 |
30 |
Economic Calculations
Assumptions:
Diesel cost = Rs 19.5/litre
Biomass cost = Rs 1000/ton
Cost on Capital = 15% PA
Diesel Engine one labour /shift @ 1500 Rs/month
Dual mode 2/shift upto 80 kWe, 3/shift at 200,500 kWe @ 1500/person/month
Operating hours = 5000 PA Biomass = 1 kg/unit
Depreciation = Straight-line depreciation for 25 years with 5% salvage value.
Maintenance = 5% of capitol cost for DG set, 10% of Gasifier + DG for dual fuel mode
Building cost is not considered in payback calculations
| Power level, kWe |
Capital cost incl of DG in Lakh Rs |
Typical building cost in Lakh Rs |
| 20 |
10.5 |
2.0 |
| 40 |
12.25/17.75* |
3.0 |
| 80 |
16/25* |
3.5 |
| 200 |
60.0** |
5.0 |
| 500 |
110.0** |
10.0 10.0 |
* Automatic fuel feed, cooling water recycling and cleanup with PLC controls
** All as in * + Data acquisition and internet support
Economics for 6000 hours of operation/year
70 % diesel replacement for fluctuating loads
| Power level |
Unit generation cost in diesel mode, Rs |
Unit generation cost in dual mode, Rs |
Payback period for Gasifier + DG set, Years |
Payback period for gasifier alone, Years |
| 20 |
7.26 |
6.35 |
9.65 |
7.58 |
| 40 NA |
6.56 |
4.73 |
2.8 |
2.0 |
| 40 A |
6.56 |
5.39 |
6.34 |
5.1 |
| 80 NA |
6.21 |
4.05 |
1.55 |
0.97 |
| 80 A |
6.21 |
4.59 |
3.2 |
2.45 |
| 200 |
5.93 |
4.24 |
2.96 |
1.97 |
| 500 |
5.5 |
3.15 |
1.56 |
0.98 |
80 % diesel replacement for fluctuating loads
| Power Level |
Unit generation cost in diesel mode, Rs |
Unit generation cost in dual mode, Rs |
Payback period for Gasifier + DG set, Years |
Payback period for gasifier alone, Years |
| 20 |
7.26 |
5.7 |
5.6 |
4.4 |
| 40 NA |
6.56 |
4.13 |
2.1 |
1.5 |
| 40 A |
6.56 |
4.79 |
4.18 |
3.35 |
| 80 NA |
6.21 |
3.47 |
1.21 |
0.76 |
| 80 A |
6.21 |
4.0 |
2.36 |
1.8 |
| 200 |
5.93 |
3.68 |
2.22 |
1.48 |
| 500 |
5.5 |
2.63 |
1.28 |
0.72 |
NA – Non-Automated
A - Automated